[中国] 2020中考英语复习资料:不定式

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　　下面整理了《2020中考英语复习资料：不定式》，供同学们参考。更多中考英语的相关内容也可关注下北京新东方的中考英语课程，相信可以帮助到大家。

　　1.定义：具有名词、形容词及副词性质并具有时态、语态变化。

　　2.形式：(以do为例)

　　主动语态 被动语态

　　一般时 to doto be done

　　进行时 to bedoing

　　完成时 tohave done to have been done

　　完成进行时 tohave been doing

　　3.用法：

　　(1)用作主语：

　　To speakgood English is not easy.

　　or： It is not easy to speak good English.

　　(采用形式主语 it 以避免头重脚轻)

　　It took mean hour to do the work.

　　(2)用作宾语：

　　Shedecided to take the examination.

　　I hope tomeet him soon.

　　(3)宾语补足语：

　　They expectedus to help them.

　　He wantshis son to study hard.

　　金牌重点：

　　不定式作宾补，如谓语动词是感官动词，使役性动词(see， hear， notice， watch， make， have， let...)，则不定式符号“to”须省略，但在被动语态中不能省。

　　I heardthem sing in the classroom.

　　I made herclean the room.

　　The girlis heard to sing an English song.

　　(4)用作表语：

　　To teachis to learn.

　　His job isto sell cars.

　　(5)用作状语，表示目的，结果：

　　We come toschool to study English.(目的)

　　= in orderto

　　I hurriedto the store， only to find it closed.(结果)

　　(6)定语：不定式短语作定语须位于名词之后。

　　He askedfor a piece of paper to write it on.

　　= to writeit on the piece of paper.

　　The poorman has no house to live in.

　　= to livein the house.

　　Have youanything to do？

　　= to doanything

　　4.不定式的时态意义：

　　She seemsto dance very well.(现在情况)

　　She seemsto be dancing in the dancing hall.(正在进行)

　　She seemsto have danced well.(过去情况)

　　Has washappy to have been staying with his uncle.(动作持续一段时间)